My understanding of this is as follows:
Lloyd's Register of Shipping is a UK organization
concerned with construction
and maintenance standards,
primarily for commercial shipping.
It is similar to the ABS and Det
Norske Veritas. It has no
connection with the Lloyd's insurance syndicates
which are a completely
separate organization. I am not
sure what the current status of Lloyd's
is in relation to the Euro
codes (CE marks) for pleasure
craft.
Anyway, when our boats were built Lloyd's could
provide a variety of
services to boat builders and
owners.
Lloyd's would provide a "Hull Certificate" certifying
that a given hull was
constructed using suitable
materials and techniques. I used to have
one of these for a Westerly
built in the UK in the late 70's. I would
be very interested to hear if any Cheoy Lee owners
have one tucked away in
their ships papers. I don't.
Lloyd's also published a set of recommended
guidelines for yacht
construction ("Lloyd's Standards")
which related to materials, minimum
scantlings, techniques etc.
Now Cheoy Lee did all their own
engineering design work
"in-house", and I suspect that
they did this with reference to
the Lloyd's Standards. This, I
think, is what they meant by "built
to Lloyd's Standards". It
is the reason that Cheoy Lees are built
so conservatively, as the
Standards were designed to produce
safe and seaworthy boats. I
understand that very few builders
in the last 20 years have adhered
to Lloyd's Standards ("too
expensive and produces heavy
boats").
Whether our boats were actually inspected or not by
a Lloyd's surveyor during
construction I don't know. Cheoy
Lee had regular visits from
Lloyd's surveyors who inspected
their commercial boat building
activities. I have even heard that they had a surveyor
resident for many years
(not an ideal situation, as the
relationship may have been a
little too close!).
Lloyd's also offered a service whereby they would
survey the construction and
fit-out of a yacht and certify she
was built to "Lloyd's A1". If the
owner stumped up for regular
surveys thereafter Lloyds
would also certify "maintained to Lloyds A1". I don't
think this happened for our
boats.
Cant guarantee all of the above is totally accurate, but I
think it's
close to the truth.
Regards
Nigel Evans
Hebe Haven Yacht Club
Hong Kong
I am a retired Lloyd's
Register surveyor resident in Newcastle, Australia. I was
stationed in Hong Kong in the 1960s and 1970s and have
happy memories of working with Cheoy Lee.
Owners who wished their craft,
both sail and motor, to be "Classed 100A1 with Lloyds had
to specify that the yacht be built under survey.
Plans were firstly approved by
Lloyd's yacht department in the UK and Ship and Engineer
Surveyors in Hong Kong attended at prescribed stages of
construction and outfitting. They also attended during sea
trials and a "Class" certificate was issued to Cheoy Lee
only when the surveyor was fully satisfied that the craft
met the requirements of Lloyd's rules in all respects.
To maintain the craft in Class
after delivery, it was the owner's responsibility to
arrange for inspection by Lloyds at prescribed intervals.
There is a Clipper 33, Hull no
2965 built 1975, here in Lake Macquarie near Newcastle and
under refit right now.
John McCarlie
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Certification and Classification at Lloyd's Register of
Shipping
Lloyd's Register of Shipping (which is not Lloyd's of London,
the insurance company) is a classification organization that
classifies or "rates" vessels including yachts for insurance
purposes, assigning a risk management classification ranging
up to the highest "Lloyd's +100A1" (the "+" sign is read as
"Maltese, an insurance standard). Such a "classification
rating" (called "Lloyd's Classification") requires continuous
inspection by a Lloyd's surveyor from the initial laying up of
the hull through the vessel construction and finally, through
the entire life of the vessel to keep it "in classification",
as a real Lloyd's classification is an ongoing legal statement
that a vessel is current in its survey and has met all
required maintenance standards of Lloyd's. This class is used
for an ongoing safety rating in the purchase of insurance as
well as for the ease of sale of a Lloyd's survey classified
vessel, but it is very unlikely that most of the yachts
advertised as "built to Lloyd's Standards" ever had such a
classification much less kept it up, as it is very expensive
and generally unneeded for U.S. yacht insurance, being
designed to rate European shipping.
A lower level of Lloyd's inspection more common in yachts is
a "Lloyd's Building Certificate" certifying that a Lloyd's
inspector was present at the yard through the specified
portions of construction, including testing various materials
and making sure critical steps were done to standards.
More common still, and less expensive, is what is called a
"Lloyd's Hull Construction Certificate" (sometimes called just
a "hull certificate"), the most common Lloyd's certificate on
Cheoy Lee yachts. This certifies that a Lloyd's surveyor
actually witnessed the construction of the hull itself,
certifying all materials, layup thickness, resin ratios and
temperature for proper set are to "Lloyd's Standards". Boats
intended for sale in the U.S. usually did not have such a
certificate, which added considerably to the cost, not because
they are made to worse standards but because there was no
insurance savings on boats sailed in the US as a Lloyd's
certificate is not needed to insure the vessel.
Most U.S. insurers simply require a current survey to
establish insured value and the Lloyd's certificate's added
cost would have made the boats more difficult to sell. My own
Cheoy Lee, the Offshore 41 "Dragon of the Winds" originally
sold in Southern CA in 1978 apparently has no Lloyd's Hull
Certificate- Cheoy Lee says they have no record of a
certificate, but they say perhaps Lloyd's has one on file.
Finally, many boats claim to be "built to Lloyd's Standards",
a regular seller's claim for boats built in quality yards
where a Lloyd's inspector regularly worked and where some
examples of the yacht have been certified, such as Cheoy Lee.
Without a real, signed-by-Lloyd's authentic certificate to
show off, such a claim is sadly without basis in most cases,
as multiple hulls were often laid up simultaneously, some
certified and most not.
In many cases the yacht designer or naval architect has
specified scantlings and materials that would qualify for a
Lloyd's Hull Construction Certificate using Lloyd's Standards
as a guideline, but without a yard statement, naval
architect's plans and specs or a Lloyd's Certificate the claim
of Lloyd's Standards may have some liabilities to sellers
should Lloyd's not be willing to certify the particular vessel
in question.
It is my professional opinion (I have numerous insurance
licenses and have seen what tough lawyers do in making claims)
that a seller should make no claims as to Lloyd's Standards
without a Lloyd's Certificate, the
naval architect's spec sheet or a yard statement of standards,
as a future buyer could theoretically cause legal problems in
event of a vessel failure of construction. I suggest a buyer
ask for the certificate, check with Cheoy Lee to see if they
have records and finally, if needed, ask Lloyd's Register of
Shipping if they have a record of the vessel by builder and
hull number, as plenty of certificates are lost.
Best wishes! Frank Koucky
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